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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 50-59.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00049

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人工固沙植被系统生态水文研究进展

张亚峰(), 潘颜霞, 霍建强, 张志山   

  1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室/沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-07 修回日期:2025-05-11 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 作者简介:张亚峰(1986―),男,甘肃甘谷人,副研究员,主要从事干旱区生态水文学研究。E-mail: zhangyafeng@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20223)

Progress in ecohydrological studies of artificial sand-fixing vegetation systems

Yafeng Zhang(), Yanxia Pan, Jianqiang Huo, Zhishan Zhang   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands / Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-04-07 Revised:2025-05-11 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30

摘要:

植物固沙是干旱沙区防沙治沙与生态修复的重要手段。人工固沙植被的建立和演替重塑了植被-土壤系统水循环过程和水量平衡格局,而水文过程反过来调控植被群落的结构、功能及其生态稳定性。本文系统梳理了人工固沙植被系统生态水文研究的主要进展:(1)固沙植被-土壤系统关键水文过程与水量平衡演变规律,聚焦冠层水文过程、土壤水文过程和蒸散发;(2)水文过程驱动植物生长、植被结构与功能响应,聚焦植物水分利用与调控、水力调节机制、凝结水生态水文效应及土壤水分的植被承载力。未来亟需加强多尺度观测、多过程耦合模型构建与关键生态水文阈值确定,为干旱区以水定绿科学治沙提供理论支撑。

关键词: 干旱沙区, 固沙植被, 生态水文, 水量平衡, 植物水分关系

Abstract:

Vegetation-based sand fixation is a crucial approach for desertification control and ecological restoration in arid sandy regions of China. The establishment and succession of artificial sand-fixing vegetation profoundly reshape the water cycle processes and water balance patterns within the vegetation-soil system, while hydrological processes, in turn, regulate the structure, function, and ecological stability of plant communities. This paper systematically reviews the key advances in ecohydrological research on sand-fixing vegetation systems, focusing on: (1) the evolution of key hydrological processes and water balance in vegetation-soil systems, particularly canopy hydrological processes, soil water dynamics, and evapotranspiration; and (2) plant growth, vegetation structure, and functional responses driven by hydrological processes, with emphasis on plant water use and regulation, hydraulic adjustment mechanisms, ecohydrological effects of condensation water, and soil water carrying capacity for vegetation. Future research should prioritize multi-scale monitoring, coupled process modeling, and identification of critical ecohydrological thresholds to provide theoretical support for the “greening based on water” strategy in combating desertification.

Key words: arid sandy regions, sand-fixing vegetation, ecohydrology, water balance, plant-water relations

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